Followed the advice of “plant it and see what works” - now what?

Hello! First tank and as per title I’ve planted a bunch and been surprisingly successful. I’m now suffering from my success and would appreciate some help.

Firstly, I have no idea what I’ve planted. Anyone know what the hairy strandy stuff is at the front? And the frondy stuff at the back?

Secondly, can I trim and replant any of this? Or is it just trim and discard? Any tips are appreciated!